Vitalik Buterin envisions the future of Ethereum: the path of integration between POS, Layer 2, and AI.

robot
Abstract generation in progress

Vitalik Buterin Interview in Chinese: In-depth Discussion on Ethereum's POS, Layer 2, and Future Development

On April 7, 2025, Vitalik Buterin attended an event in Hong Kong. During a break in the event, Yan, the founder of the DappLearning community, interviewed Vitalik, discussing various topics including ETH POS, Layer2, cryptography, and AI. The following are the main points of the interview:

01 View on POS Upgrade

Yan asked about the views on the Ethereum POS upgrade. Vitalik stated:

"The prices of BTC and ETH are completely unrelated to POW and POS. The actions and ways of thinking of the two communities are entirely different. For ETH, one issue is that there might be many successful applications on Ethereum, but the value these applications bring to ETH may not be sufficient. We need to support more applications that benefit ETH holders and the long-term value of ETH. The future success of ETH may emerge in these areas and is largely unrelated to improvements in consensus algorithms."

02 PBS Architecture and Centralization Concerns

Regarding the PBS architecture of ETH2.0, Vitalik believes:

"This is an important philosophical question. In the past, we assumed that building blocks and validating blocks were symmetrical. Now, with new technologies like ZK and DAS, it can become asymmetrical. The difficulty of building blocks may increase, but the difficulty of validation will decrease.

We need to think about how to prevent supernodes from behaving maliciously. In terms of 51% attacks, since the verification process is completed by the Attester and the verification cost is very low, the threshold for becoming a consensus node remains relatively low. Regarding censorship, we have the Fossil concept, which separates the selection of transactions from the execution of transactions, allowing small nodes to also have the ability to select transactions.

This method is more complex than before, but it can ensure the security and decentralization of the network.

03 The Relationship Between Layer1 and Layer2 and Future Directions

Vitalik stated that there are several issues with L2 currently:

  1. The progress in security is not fast enough, and I hope we can upgrade to Stage 2 this year.

  2. Interoperability issues between L2s. Work is underway on initiatives such as the Open Intents Framework.

  3. For the role of L1, if there is no role at all, it is dangerous for ETH. More roles need to be assigned to L1 in some applications.

  4. Some high-value applications such as DeFi are more suitable on L1.

Vitalik mentioned that several methods will be used in the future to enhance L1 scalability:

  1. Delayed Execution
  2. Block Level Access List
  3. Multidimensional Gas Pricing
  4. Historical Data Processing Optimization

"If we combine these four proposals, we believe it may be possible to increase the L1 Gas limit by 10 times."

Regarding the upgrade progress, Vitalik stated: "We hope to conduct the Pectra upgrade around the end of this month, and then the Fusaka upgrade in Q3 or Q4."

04 Views on Cryptography and AI

Vitalik believes that ZK developers should focus on high-level languages and do not need to understand the underlying details. Regarding applied cryptography, he stated that FHE has great prospects, but MPC and FHE require the selection of committee nodes, which poses security risks.

Regarding AI, Vitalik believes:

"AI can enhance everyone's capabilities, and sometimes it can also strengthen centralized power. However, AI also has a democratizing effect, which can narrow the gap between experts and novices. We need to think about the impact of the combination of technologies such as blockchain, AI, and cryptography on society."

05 Expectations for the Ethereum Ecosystem and Suggestions for Developers

Vitalik told developers:

"There are many new opportunities for developing Ethereum applications now. The TPS issue has been resolved, privacy issues can be addressed, and AI has reduced the difficulty of development. We hope to see applications that not only provide real value that existing users love to use but also have sustainable business models. Now everyone has more resources, and if you have good ideas and execute them well, the chances of success are very high."

Chinese community conversation with Vitalik: POS, L2, Ethereum and AI integration innovation

ETH-3.63%
View Original
This page may contain third-party content, which is provided for information purposes only (not representations/warranties) and should not be considered as an endorsement of its views by Gate, nor as financial or professional advice. See Disclaimer for details.
  • Reward
  • 8
  • Repost
  • Share
Comment
0/400
degenonymousvip
· 20h ago
Running out of gas soon!
View OriginalReply0
SchrodingerWalletvip
· 08-13 05:41
The bull's hide blows loud, but when it comes down, one asks and knows nothing.
View OriginalReply0
YieldHuntervip
· 08-12 04:04
just another narrative to pump eth... smh
Reply0
MEVHunterZhangvip
· 08-11 01:34
In simple terms, the price has to rise.
View OriginalReply0
MagicBeanvip
· 08-11 01:33
POS is the real BTC!
View OriginalReply0
LucidSleepwalkervip
· 08-11 01:28
Vitalik Buterin is still so direct...
View OriginalReply0
GasGuzzlervip
· 08-11 01:27
The retail investors in POS are like the denominator, similar to a pig farm.
View OriginalReply0
ser_ngmivip
· 08-11 01:10
Is POS still not appealing enough?
View OriginalReply0
Trade Crypto Anywhere Anytime
qrCode
Scan to download Gate app
Community
English
  • 简体中文
  • English
  • Tiếng Việt
  • 繁體中文
  • Español
  • Русский
  • Français (Afrique)
  • Português (Portugal)
  • Bahasa Indonesia
  • 日本語
  • بالعربية
  • Українська
  • Português (Brasil)